# neutrinoless double beta decay experiments

## neutrinoless double beta decay experiments

References (36) That was the key accomplishment of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR. Alessandrello A, Alessandrello A, Brofferio C, Camin DV, Cremonesi O, Fiorini E, et al. Haller EE, Palaio NP, Rodder M, Hansen WL, Kreysa E. NTD germanium: a novel material for low temperature bolometers. Alduino C, Alfonso K, Artusa DR, Avignone FT, Azzolini O, Balata M, et al. (1935) 48:512–6. Colladay D, Kostelecký VA. Lorentz-violating extension of the Standard Model. (1998) 142:163–72. In neutrinoless double beta decay searches, two ingredients have crucial importance: energy resolution and background suppression. Neutron Transmutation Doping of Semiconductor Materials. It is considered to be the gold plated channel to probe the fundamental character of neutrinos and to determine the neutrino mass. In: Proceedings of the International Conference Neutrino-2018. (1998) 433:156–62. (1986) 174:45. doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(86)91126-3, 3. The new result sets the limit on the neutrinoless double-beta decay half-life in Mo-100 at 1.4 times a trillion-trillion years (that's 14 followed by 23 zeros), which is a 30% improvement in sensitivity over the Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory 3 (NEMO 3), a previous experiment that operated at the same site from 2003-2011 and also used Mo-100. 7:86. doi: 10.3389/fphy.2019.00086. Alessandria F, Ardito R, Artusa DR, Avignone FT, Azzolini O, Balata M, et al. Phys Rev Lett. Furry WH. In: Hegarty S, Potter K, Quercigh E, editors. Heintze J. (CUORE Collaboration), Improved Limit on Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay in 130Te with CUORE, Physical Review Letters 124, 122501 (2020). The new result sets the limit on the neutrinoless double-beta decay half-life in Mo-100 at 1.4 times a trillion-trillion years (that's 14 followed by 23 zeros), which is a 30% improvement in sensitivity over the Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory 3 (NEMO 3), a previous experiment that operated at the same site from 2003-2011 and also used Mo-100. At Data Nucl Data Tables. Experiments searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay in $$^{76}$$ Ge are currently achieving the lowest background level and, in connection with the excellent energy resolution of germanium detectors, they exhibit the best discovery potential for the decay. (2018) 13:P01010. J Phys Conf Ser. The CUPID-Mo experiment is among a field of experiments that are using a variety of approaches to detect a theorized particle process, called neutrinoless double-beta decay, that could revise our understanding of ghostly particles called neutrinos, and of their role in the formation of the universe. Phys Lett B. Validation of techniques to mitigate copper surface contamination in CUORE. More pictures can be found at the Sanford Underground Research Facility's MAJORANA gallery: https://pics.sanfordlab.org/mjd. (1983) 50:474–7. Nucl Instrum Meth A (1998) 412:454–64. (2012) 42:1015–30. Phys Rev Lett. Search for double-β decay of 130Te to the first 0+ excited state of 130Xe with the CUORICINO experiment bolometer array. The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN, Italy, has reported its final results on the search for the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of germanium-76 in the recent issue of Physical Review Letters [1]. Agostini M, Appel S, Bellini G, Benziger J, Bick D, Bonfini G, et al. doi: 10.1023/A:1017555615150, 40. Simkovic F, Rodin V, Faessler A, Vogel P. 0νββ and 2νββ nuclear matrix elements, quasiparticle random-phase approximation, and isospin symmetry restoration. 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From the theoretical point of view, it is important to frame both discoveries or lack thereof made by the tonne-scale experiments. Masses of Te-130 and Xe-130 and Double-beta-Decay Q Value of Te-130. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.38.895, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, 14. #Will appear in document head meta (for Google search results) #and in feed.xml site description. (2015) 115:231802. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.231802, 122. This nuclear reaction provided first hints for the particle's existence back in 1930 and is still an important object of investigation today, especially in regard to setting limits on the electron neutrino mass. (2001) 123:303–14. CdWO4 scintillating bolometer for Double Beta Decay: light and Heat anticorrelation, light yield and quenching factors. Experimental search for the violation of Pauli exclusion principle. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.59.1649, 108. Phys Rev. Found Phys. 3. Phys Rev C. (2012) 86:021601. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.021601, 107. 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As a result of this transformation, the nucleus emits two detectable beta particles, which are electrons or positrons. First array of enriched Zn82Se bolometers to search for double beta decay. The obtained results from the first operational detectors are described. Neutrinoless double beta decay (NLDBD) offers a window to new physics. Dell'Oro S. Optimization of the CUORE detector during the commissioning phase. (2011) 703:412–6. Artusa DR, Avignone FT, Beeman JW, Dafinei I, Dumoulin L, Ge Z, et al. (2018) 120:232502. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.232502. Eur Phys J C. (2017) 77:785. doi: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5343-2, 31. C. (2003) 67:014323. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.014323, 139. Phys Lett B. (2016) 11:P07009. Phys Rev C. (2018) 97:032501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.97.032501, 112. (2015) 69:30–6. Design and fabrication of the second-generation KID-based light detectors of CALDER. doi: 10.1088/1748-0221/8/05/P05021, 29. D. thesis). On the electric charge conservation. Prog Part Nucl Phys. (1977) 48:853–64. In this paper, we review the main features of this process, underlining its key role from both the experimental and theoretical point of view. doi: 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01723-9, 63. Casali N, Vignati M, Beeman JW, Bellini F, Cardani L, Dafinei I, et al. Artusa DR, Balzoni A, Beeman JW, Bellini F, Biassoni M, Brofferio C, et al. Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay 3 Neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) (A,Z) → (A,Z+2) + 2e− is a very rare nuclear decay, particularly intriguing for its implications in particle Physics. At the same time, TeO2 thermal detectors were used in different studies of rare nuclear processes, spanning from different 0νββ modes to the investigation of fundamental Physics laws. (1984) 23:584. doi: 10.1364/AO.23.000584, 20. Neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. Phys Rev D (2013) 87:071301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.071301, 17. Nucl Instrum Meth A. 142. Low energy neutron background in deep underground laboratories. The search for 0νββ provides the physics community with the opportunity to build on our successes in understanding the neutrino and further our understanding of the universe. MAJORANA is an experiment to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ). Tables of double beta decay data: an update. In the standard two neutrino double beta decay (2nbb), two neutrons in the nucleus decay to protons emitting two electrons and two anti-neutrinos. An innovative bolometric Cherenkov-light detector for a ouble beta decay search. First of all • Lepton Number non conservation that would be a cogent manifestation of … Date. Barucci M, Brofferio C, Giuliani A, Gottardi E, Peroni I, Ventura G. Measurement of low temperature specific heat of crystalline TeO2 for the optimization of bolometric detectors. Arnaboldi C, Brofferio C, Bucci C, Gorla P, Pessina G, Pirro S. 1.3 kg bolometers to search for rare events. (1978) 28:145. Albert JB, Anton G, Badhrees I, Barbeau PS, Bayerlein R, Beck D, et al. In “normal” double-beta decay, two neutrons become two protons, ejecting two electrons and two electron antineutrinos. doi: 10.1088/1748-0221/7/01/P01020, 46. Colantoni I, Cardani L, Casali N, Cruciani A, Bellini F, Castellano MG, et al. A 200-kg detector using liquid Xe is currently being installed at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) near Carlsbad, New Mexico. Mem Soc Geol It. G: Nucl. Z Naturforsch A. Measurements of proton-induced radionuclide production cross sections to evaluate cosmic-ray activation of tellurium. J Low Temp Phys. (2011) 107:062504. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.062504, 16. Astropart Phys. This paper introduces the neutrinoless double-beta decay (the rarest nuclear weak process) and describes the status of the research for this transition, both from the point of view of theoretical nuclear physics and in terms of the present and future experimental scenarios. 130Te neutrinoless double-beta decay with CUORICINO. TeO2 bolometers with Čerenkov signal tagging: towards next-generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. Phys Rev D. (1994) 49:5925–44. doi: 10.1006/adnd.2001.0873, 4. (2000) 474:245–50. Performances of a large mass ZnSe bolometer to search for rare events. Phys. Phys Rev C. (2010) 81:034317. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.81.034317, 131. Complete event-by-event α/γ(β) separation in a full-size TeO2 CUORE bolometer by simultaneous heat and light detection. Cardani L, Cardani L, Casali N, Nagorny S, Pattavina L, Piperno G, et al. 1025 yr at 90% C. L. . Also, the external background does not scale with the mass since the outer layers of the detector act as a shielding for the core part. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. doi: 10.1007/s10909-018-1905-4, 33. Chu Y, Li Y, Ge Z, Wu G, Wang H. Growth of the high quality and large size paratellurite single crystals. At least one ton-scale experiment will likely be funded in the U.S., and more may be funded elsewhere. 118. Rare decays of cadmium and tellurium. If neutrinoless double beta decay can occur, our experiements will observe it. 141. Astropart Phys. Eur Phys J C (2017) 77:543. doi: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5080-6, 78. The collaboration aims to develop a phased neutrinoless double-beta decay experimental program, starting with a 200 kg measurement using the existing GERDA cryostat at LNGS. Phys Rev Lett. Systematic study of beta and double beta decay to excited final states. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-02403-4, 50. [DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.122501] Related Links. doi: 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.11.015. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2010.09.151, 52. doi: 10.1016/S0370-1573(98)00060-X, 67. Current experimental results indicate that, in, Ge, the lifetime of this decay is greater than 2 x 10, years. The goal of the DEMONSTRATOR is to determine whether a future 1-tonne experiment can achieve a background goal of one count per tonne-year in a 4-keV region of interest around the 76Ge 0νββ Q-value at 2039 keV. Phys Lett B. Phys Rev Lett. A more peculiar aspect of this review is the effort to follow the historical arguments, without worrying too much about covering once more well-known material or about presenting an exhaustive coverage of the huge recent literature on the subject. Neutrinoless double-beta decay is a decay mode of an atomic nucleus in which two neutrons convert to two protons and two … J High Energy Phys. The AME2016 atomic mass evaluation (II). Nucl Instrum Meth A. Eur Phys J C. (2017) 77:532. doi: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5098-9, 82. Philos Mag. CUORE is an experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of Te-130 at the Gran Sasso National Laboratories in Assergi, Italy. 143. Astropart Phys. It can therefore provide unique information about the Physics Beyond the Standard Model. 110. New experimental limits on the Pauli-forbidden transitions in 12C nuclei obtained with 485 days Borexino data. on High-energy Phys. (2009) 102:212502. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.212502, 7. J Instrum. Shklovskii BI, Efros AL. Biassoni M, Brofferio C, Capelli S, Cassina L, Clemenza M, Cremonesi O, et al. Boston, MA: Springer US (1984). New experimental limit on the electron stability and non-paulian transitions in Iodine atoms. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.474, 61. One of their keys to success depends on avoiding background that could mimic the signal of neutrinoless double-beta decay. (1995) 360:363–6. Nucl Instrum Meth A. (1939) 56:1184–93. Measurement of the two-neutrino double beta decay half-life of 130Te with the CUORE-0 experiment. (2013) 1:038. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2013/01/038. : Conf. Quest for electron decay e-→νeγ with a liquid xenon scintillator. J Low Temp Phys. J Intrum. Arnaboldi C, Giachero A, Gotti C, Pessina G. A very high performance stabilization system for large mass bolometer experiments. Nucl Phys A. Arnaud Q, Armengaud E, Augier C, Benot A, Bergé L, Billard J, et al. Eur Phys J C. (2017) 77:13. doi: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4498-6, 10. (1955) 10:77. doi: 10.1515/zna-1955-0113, 138. Pedretti M. The single module for Cuoricino and CUORE detectors: tests, construction and modeling. arXiv [Preprint]. (2016) 184:286–91. The status and requirements to the technologies of the new generation of experiments are reviewed. A Cryogenic tellurium detector for rare events and gamma-rays. Oscillation data and cosmology define uniquely where we expect such rare decay to occurr, if neutrinos are Majorana particles • The current generation of experiments mostly explore the degenerate region of Bellini F, Cardani L, Casali N, Colantoni I, Cruciani A, Bellini F, Castellano MG, et al. Neutrinos are fundamental particles that play key roles in the early universe, cosmology and astrophysics, and nuclear and particle physics. The ββ0ν signal is a peak at the endpoint of the ββ2ν energy spectrum (Q ββ). That was the key accomplishment of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR. doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(81)90559-1, 104. (Ph. Double-beta decay of 130Te to the first 0+ excited state of 130Xe with CUORE-0 (2018). (1982) 21:1125. doi: 10.1364/AO.21.001125, 19. Tables, graphs and references. (1993) 31:83–7. 37. Wang G, Chang CL, V Y, Ding J, Novosad V, Bucci C, et al. doi: 10.1063/1.323746, 42. (2016) 908:218–34. Albert JB, Barbeau PS, Beck D, Belov V, Breidenbach M, Brunner T, et al. doi: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1207-8, 148. CB and OC have mainly conveyed their 30 year long experience in the field, while SD, stimulated by his direct contribution to the CUORE-0 and CUORE effort, has contributed a lot of enthusiasm in re-discovering and creating a new interest for the series of results which have lead to the modern approach to low temperature detectors for double beta decay. Received: 01 March 2019; Accepted: 17 May 2019; Published: 13 June 2019. Kotila J, Barea J, Iachello F. Neutrinoless double-electron capture. Berkeley Lab news release: The CUORE Underground Experiment Narrows the Search for Rare Particle Process Nesterenko DA, Blaum K, Block M, Droese C, Eliseev S, Herfurth F, et al. Nucl Instrum Meth A. 75593-The Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Underground Detector has been identified by the DOE as a high scientific priority for Nuclear Physics research; however, the current generation of proposed experiments to determine neutrino mass would require 500 kg of germanium (Ge), isotopically enriched to 86% in 76Ge, costing more than $100 million. Kotila J, Iachello F. Phase space factors for double-β decay. (2016) 117:082503. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.109903, 80. Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer (1984). Phys Rev D. (2014) 90:033005. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.90.033005, 87. Phys Lett B. On x axis the lightest neutrino mass, on the y axis the effective Majorana mass (mbb). doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(90)90923-T, 21. Search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 130Te with CUORE-0. Shi H, Milotti E, Bartalucci S, Bazzi M, Bertolucci S, Bragadireanu AM, et al. doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2012.10.008, 79. The discovery of neutrino masses through the observation of oscillations boosted the importance of neutrinoless double beta decay (). CUORE crystal validation runs: results on radioactive contamination and extrapolation to CUORE background. On one hand, a higher energy resolution excludes more events with energies close to … Phys Lett B. The Enriched Xenon Observatory is an experiment in particle physics aiming to detect "neutrino-less double beta decay" using large amounts of xenon isotopically enriched in the isotope 136. Vignati M. Model of the response function of CUORE bolometers. The CUPID-Mo experiment is among a field of experiments that are using a variety of approaches to detect a theorized particle process, called neutrinoless double-beta decay, … Italy ( 2017 ) 841:012025. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.97.055502, 101, Bayerlein R, Baldini A, Olivieri E Augier! 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